US college students are burdened, with credit card (信用卡)debt, according to a study published Tuesday, and the problem can be serious－ranging from more drop-outs, to future employment problems and even self-murder. The study, by Georgetown University sociologist (社會學家) Robert Manning, blamed credit card issuers for actively targeting students and colleges for allowing them to do so. "The unrestricted selling of credit cards in universities or colleges is so aggressive that it now forms a greater threat than alcohol or sexual diseases," Manning told a news conference in Washington. "If we do not quickly deal with this serious problem, the matter will continue to get worse, with social consequences far more tragic (悲劇的) than mere dollars and cents. "

Based on hundreds of face-to-face interviews and surveys with students, Manning concluded both the number with credit card debt and their indebtedness had been "underreported" in previous studies－which failed to reflect the "survival strategies" many used to deal with their debts. These included the use of federal student loans to pay off credit cards, effectively shifting the debt, appealing to parents for loans, reducing course work hours to increase time at paid jobs, or even dropping out altogether to work full time.

"Official drop-out rates include growing numbers of students who are unable to cope with the stress of their debts and / or part time jobs for servicing their credit cards, " the study said. "Students credit card debts are examined during the employment process and may be an important factor in evaluating future employees," it noted. O’Donnell and Manning agreed students should bear some responsibility for reckless use of credit, but said credit card companies also had to be held responsible for making it so easy for them to get into debt. Manning said one of the most troublesome aspects of the student credit card issue was "the seduction (誘惑) of college and university officials by the credit card industry".

Sociologist Robert Manning's study shows that     .

   A. the number of American college students using credit cards on campus is increasing

   B. more and more American college students meet with credit card debt problems

   C. more and more American colleges encourage students to use credit cards to make profits

   D. credit card issuers will run into debt for encouraging college students to use credit cards

The author's feeling towards college students with credit card debts is __.

   A. discouraged and negative                 B. pitiful and critical

   C. indifferent and disapproving              D. negative and doubtful

The author implies all of following should be responsible for this problem EXCEPT      .

   A. credit card issuers                                  B. college authorities

   C. parents of the students                      D. students themselves

The word "reckless" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by        .

A. inconsiderate       B. frequent               C. careful                     D. regular

US college students are burdened, with credit card (信用卡)debt, according to a study published Tuesday, and the problem can be serious－ranging from more drop-outs, to future employment problems and even self-murder. The study, by Georgetown University sociologist (社會學家) Robert Manning, blamed credit card issuers for actively targeting students and colleges for allowing them to do so. "The unrestricted selling of credit cards in universities or colleges is so aggressive that it now forms a greater threat than alcohol or sexual diseases," Manning told a news conference in Washington. "If we do not quickly deal with this serious problem, the matter will continue to get worse, with social consequences far more tragic (悲劇的) than mere dollars and cents. "

Based on hundreds of face-to-face interviews and surveys with students, Manning concluded both the number with credit card debt and their indebtedness had been "underreported" in previous studies－which failed to reflect the "survival strategies" many used to deal with their debts. These included the use of federal student loans to pay off credit cards, effectively shifting the debt, appealing to parents for loans, reducing course work hours to increase time at paid jobs, or even dropping out altogether to work full time.

"Official drop-out rates include growing numbers of students who are unable to cope with the stress of their debts and / or part time jobs for servicing their credit cards, " the study said. "Students credit card debts are examined during the employment process and may be an important factor in evaluating future employees," it noted. O’Donnell and Manning agreed students should bear some responsibility for reckless use of credit, but said credit card companies also had to be held responsible for making it so easy for them to get into debt. Manning said one of the most troublesome aspects of the student credit card issue was "the seduction (誘惑) of college and university officials by the credit card industry".

Sociologist Robert Manning's study shows that     .

   A. the number of American college students using credit cards on campus is increasing

   B. more and more American college students meet with credit card debt problems

   C. more and more American colleges encourage students to use credit cards to make profits

   D. credit card issuers will run into debt for encouraging college students to use credit cards

The author's feeling towards college students with credit card debts is __.

   A. discouraged and negative                 B. pitiful and critical

   C. indifferent and disapproving              D. negative and doubtful

The author implies all of following should be responsible for this problem EXCEPT      .

   A. credit card issuers                                  B. college authorities

   C. parents of the students                      D. students themselves

The word "reckless" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by        .

A. inconsiderate       B. frequent               C. careful                     D. regular

When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run from home. With my suitcase __36__ and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom,  “ I’m leaving.”

  “if you want to ___37___, that’s all right.” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.” I __38___ my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again.

  “ Wait a minute,” Mom said. “ I want your ___39 ___ back. You didn’t wear anything when you arrived.” This really angered me. I tore my clothes off ----shoes, socks, underwear and all---and___40___. “Can I go now?” “Yes,” Mom answered. “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”

  I was so ___41___ that I slammed(砰的關上) the door and stepped out on the front porch. ___42___ I realized that I was outside, with nothing on. Then I noticed that down the street, two neighbor girls were walking toward our house. I ran to __43__ behind a big tree in our yard at once. After a while, I was __44__ the girls had passed by. I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly. 

  “Who’s there?” I heard.

  “It’s Billy! Let me in!”

  The voice behind the ___45___ answered, “ Billy doesn’t live here anymore, he ran away from home.”  Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming. I begged “Aw, o’mon, Mom! I’m ___46___ your son. Let me in!”

  The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “ Did you change your __ 47__ about running away?” she asked.

  “ What’s for supper?” I answered.

   Six chimps(猩猩) were introduced to a slot machine called the Chimp- O- Mat, which would give out one grape when a white coin was insert into the slot. When Dr Wolf showed a young chimp named Moos how he could win himself a grape by inserting a coin, Moos immediately picked up another coin, pushed it into the slot, then stuck out his paw and waited for a grape to drop out..

Besides white coins, the chimps were given yellow coins to insert into the slot, but nothing came out because they were worthless. The chimps soon learned this fact. When a handful of white and yellow coins were thrown into the cage housing, Bula, Bimba and Alpha, the three chimps rushed for the white coins and never touched the yellow ones.

Now the chimps were madly in love with money. Would the six chimps value money enough to work for it? To find the answer, Dr Wolfe designed a work machine. The chimps were shown that when a large handle was lifted, they could pick one grape. When they had learned the skill of lifting the handle to get the grape, Dr Wolf made a change to the machines so that instead of the grape they would find a white coin. This coin would still buy them one grape at the Chimp- O- Mat.

Thus the complexity of getting a grape was not only doubled, but also the money to buy the grape could be achieved only by honest work. The handle they had to lift to get the coin weighed eighty pounds. Great effort is needed for a young chimp to raise that weight, yet the formerly lazy chimps not only quickly mastered the new operation, but also showed great eagerness to work for money.

46．The purpose of the Chimp- O- Mat experiment was to discover whether chimps would learn to________.

A. enjoy themselves     B. work together    C. use coins      D. operate a machine

47．In the first part of the experiment the chimps learned to __________.

A.     tell the difference between the useful and the worthless coins

B.      use yellow coins to get grapes

C.      wait for the grapes to drop out          

D.    buy grapes with coins

48．Which of the following shows the correct order of the things a chimp did in the second part of the experiment?

a.       got a white coin

b.       got a grape

c.       lifted the heavy handle

d.       inserted a coin into the Chimp- O- Mat

A. c a b d         B. c a d b        C. a b d c          D. a d c b

49．The passage showed that _________.

A. Dr Wolfe was disappointed with his experiment

       B. The chimps could do everything if taught

       C. The chimps were willing to work if something was paid back

       D. The chimp’s understanding was as good as a man’s

US college students are burdened, with credit card (信用卡)debt, according to a study published Tuesday, and the problem can be serious-ranging from more drop-outs, to future employment problems and even self-murder. The study, by Georgetown University sociologist (社會學家) Robert Manning, blamed credit card issuers for actively targeting students and colleges for allowing them to do so. "The unrestricted selling of credit cards in universities or colleges is so aggressive that it now forms a greater threat than alcohol or sexual diseases," Manning told a news conference in Washington. "If we do not quickly deal with this serious problem, the matter will continue to get worse, with social consequences far more tragic (悲劇的) than mere dollars and cents. "
Based on hundreds of face-to-face interviews and surveys with students, Manning concluded both the number with credit card debt and their indebtedness had been "underreported" in previous studies-which failed to reflect the "survival strategies" many used to deal with their debts. These included the use of federal student loans to pay off credit cards, effectively shifting the debt, appealing to parents for loans, reducing course work hours to increase time at paid jobs, or even dropping out altogether to work full time.
"Official drop-out rates include growing numbers of students who are unable to cope with the stress of their debts and / or part time jobs for servicing their credit cards, " the study said. "Students credit card debts are examined during the employment process and may be an important factor in evaluating future employees," it noted. O’Donnell and Manning agreed students should bear some responsibility for reckless use of credit, but said credit card companies also had to be held responsible for making it so easy for them to get into debt. Manning said one of the most troublesome aspects of the student credit card issue was "the seduction (誘惑) of college and university officials by the credit card industry".

1. 1.

   Sociologist Robert Manning's study shows that     .

   1. A.
      the number of American college students using credit cards on campus is increasing
   2. B.
      more and more American college students meet with credit card debt problems
   3. C.
      more and more American colleges encourage students to use credit cards to make profits
   4. D.
      credit card issuers will run into debt for encouraging college students to use credit cards
2. 2.

   The author's feeling towards college students with credit card debts is __.

   1. A.
      discouraged and negative
   2. B.
      pitiful and critical
   3. C.
      indifferent and disapproving
   4. D.
      negative and doubtful
3. 3.

   The author implies all of following should be responsible for this problem EXCEPT      .

   1. A.
      credit card issuers
   2. B.
      college authorities
   3. C.
      parents of the students
   4. D.
      students themselves
4. 4.

   The word "reckless" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by        .

   1. A.
      inconsiderate
   2. B.
      frequent
   3. C.
      careful
   4. D.
      regular