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很多學(xué)生都想知道美國英語(American English)和英國英語(British English)之間的差別,以及這些差別是怎樣產(chǎn)生的。請根據(jù)下面提供的材料，寫一篇文章。
1. 這不是一下子就能回答的問題。
2. 起初，美國和英國的語言是相同的。1776年，美國獨(dú)立，語言也開始有了變化。
3. 很長時間，美國的英語保持原樣，而英國的英語卻變化了。如：300年前，英國人用“fall”表示秋天，而今天大部分英國人都用“autumn”這個詞了。但美國人還在用“fall”這個詞。同樣，美國人用“I guess”（意思是I think），而這正是300年前英國的說法。
4. 當(dāng)然，這些都不是英語語言變化的終結(jié)。英國英語和美國英語在未來是否會繼續(xù)變化，這一問題是很容易回答的。可以肯定的是，盡管兩者之間有一些差異，它們的變化過程都將會繼續(xù)。
注意：1.分段表達(dá) 2. 書寫整潔 3.字?jǐn)?shù)150左右。
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閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

One day a few years ago we had an uninvited guest—a sparrow.  36  the little bird had flown into our open garage. Then I  37  the bird before I saw it.

“What’s that?”I asked when I first heard the sound.

“It’s coming from the  38  .”my wife, Anita, said. “Maybe it’s one of the little  39  .”

I looked into the garage. No children at all. But there was that sound again, coming from right up there. And that’s  40   I saw the sparrow. It was flying  41  just inches below the ceiling. It was clearly  42  to get out, but couldn’t see the way out was not up, but  43  and and out through the garage door. So the bird continued flapping its wings and bumping its little head 44  the ceiling.

I tried to terrify it out, but only succeeded in driving it into the  45  open space between the door and the ceiling. Then I tried to show the bird how to fly down a few feet  46   it could get outside, but that only seemed to  47  it more.

“Why don’t we just leave for a few minutes,” Anita  48  .“I’m sure he’ll figure it out eventually.”

We went back into the house, where we  49  to hear the ongoing struggle between the sparrow and the ceiling. Then suddenly, it was  50  and our uninvited guest was gone.

I’ve  51  that little sparrow through the years, and I’ve decided that birds are not different much from people. We think we were  52  to fly ever upward, and we don’t even consider the  53  that something good might happen if we just fly down a little bit. Once we figure out that we can make  54  without banging（碰）our heads against ceilings, we can usually save ourselves much  55  .

36.A. Still              B. Somehow          C. Instead              D. Perhaps

【答案】B

【解析】不知怎么的，這只小鳥飛進(jìn)了我們開著的車庫。B.不知怎么的。

37.A. heard            B. caught               C. searched           D. observed

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)下文when I first heard the sound， 可知本句的意思是“未見其鳥，先聞其鳴”。

38.A. house           B. backyard           C. garage               D. basement

【答案】C

【解析】根據(jù)36題所在的句子可知， 小鳥進(jìn)入了garage,所以聲音應(yīng)該從garage傳來。

39.A. birds            B. guests               C. cats                  D. kids

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)下文no children at all.可知, 作者的妻子認(rèn)為是期中一個孩子

40.A. when            B. how                  C. why                  D. whether

【答案】A

【解析】when引導(dǎo)表語從句。“就在那時我看到了那只麻雀。”

41.A. quickly         B. anxiously           C. cautiously          D. slowly

【答案】B

【解析】anxiously不安的，焦慮的。因?yàn)楸焕В�所以很焦慮。

42. A. deciding       B. hesitating           C. trying                D. choosing

【答案】C

【解析】try to get out努力要出去。

43. A. up               B. backward          C. forward            D. down

【答案】D

【解析】但是它看不到出去的路不在上方，而在下方。

44. A. against         B. off                    C. along                D. into

【答案】A

【解析】bump its little head against the ceiling 小腦袋撞擊天花板

45. A. free             B. small                 C. wide                 D. dark

【答案】B

【解析】門和天花板之間的空間很小。

46. A. in case         B. even if               C. as though          D. so that

【答案】D

【解析】so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。

47. A. puzzle          B. confuse             C. frighten             D. disturb

【答案】C

【解析】但是這樣似乎使它更害怕。Frighten sb使某人害怕， 嚇唬某人

48. A. suggested     B. explained           C. insisted             D. demanded

【答案】A

【解析】why don’t sb do 是表示建議的用語。 所以選擇A。

49. A. attempted     B. continued          C. refused             D. failed

【答案】B

【解析】continue to do sth繼續(xù)干某事

50. A. fierce           B. empty               C. safe                  D. silent

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)下文our uninvited guest was gone， 所以沒有聲音了，很安靜

51.A. looked after   B. worried about    C. thought about    D. brought up

【答案】C

【解析】Ａ．照看　Ｂ．擔(dān)心 Ｃ．思考  Ｄ． 提出。下文題到“鳥和人沒有什么不同”，所以作者是在思考。

52. A. forced         B. determined         C. born                 D. urged

【答案】C

【解析】be born to do 天生就是干某事的。 “我們認(rèn)為我們天生就是往上飛的”

53. A. idea             B. possibility          C. challenge           D. problem

【答案】B

【解析】我們甚至沒有考慮這種可能性，如果我們飛的低一些，好事也可能會發(fā)生。

54. A. progress      B. peace                C. decisions           D. efforts

【答案】A

【解析】make progress取得進(jìn)步

55. A. panic           B. pressure            C. loss                  D. trouble

【答案】D

【解析】save some trouble 省去很多麻煩。

仔細(xì)閱讀下列10個句子，根據(jù)所給的首字母和中文意思提示在答題卷的相應(yīng)位置寫出所需單詞

1.If you turn on the lights when there is full of gas in the room , the house may__________. (爆炸)

2.The old man dressed in black is one of my __________ (親戚), so I must go to say hello to him.

3.Traffic is getting heavier and heavier, people should be encouraged to use public ____________. (運(yùn)輸)

4.It is no pleasure __________ (定居) in a place where there are no neighbors around.

5.When he entered the meeting room, nobody said hello to him. He felt _________. (忽視)

6.Lucy goes to school by bike every day, she says that c__________ is a good form of exercise.

7.She looked calm, but a_________ she was very nervous.

8.It s__________ me a lot to see how my neighbor treated their children.

9.As we all know, one li is e___________ to half a kilometer.

10.When you have a high fever, you will probably s__________ from a headache.

It’s a nightmare for Huazhong University of Science and Technology （HUST）: within a week，two students committed suicide by jumping off dorm buildings．對于整個華中科技大學(xué)來說，這簡直就是場噩夢：一周之內(nèi)，兩名學(xué)生在宿舍跳樓自殺。

Officials from the university are reluctant to give interviews．校方官員們不愿接受采訪。

“We had a hard time calming down students who were shocked at the suicides,” said Zhang Jingyuan，one official of HUST．

“Media coverage may arouse some students’ negative emotions again．Suicide can be contagious,” Zhang said．他說，“媒體的報(bào)道將會再次引發(fā)學(xué)生的消極情緒，自殺是會傳染的。”

The university reacted promptly to the first suicide on October 23．對于今年10月23號發(fā)生的第一起自殺事件，華中科技大學(xué)迅速做出應(yīng)急措施。

Advisors and class leaders conducted dorm-to-dorm checks to find students suffering depression．Then psychologists offered one-on-one counseling to them．輔導(dǎo)員和班長們走訪了每個宿舍，找出遭遇抑郁的學(xué)生。然后，心理咨詢師會為這些學(xué)生提供一對一的心理咨詢。

Notice boards publicizing tips for identifying peers’ mental problems and offering help were set up in front of dorm buildings．Leaflets carrying similar information were handed out to each dorm．宿舍樓前豎起一些布告欄，為同學(xué)們普及關(guān)于如何發(fā)現(xiàn)身邊人遭遇心理問題并提供幫助的小貼士。印有類似內(nèi)容的小冊子也被分發(fā)給每個寢室。

However，the second suicide came seven days later．然而，七天后，第二起自殺事件發(fā)生了。

Both students were described as men of few words．Their schoolmates didn’t see anything to indicate suicide．據(jù)周圍人描述，這兩名學(xué)生都很少言寡語。他們的同學(xué)都沒有覺察到任何自殺前的征兆。

Zhang revealed that the two students had been bothered by mental disorders．But the school didn’t know this until the students’ close friends outside school and their parents unveiled the truth after the suicides．章勁元透露，這兩名學(xué)生曾經(jīng)飽受心理疾病的困擾。但是學(xué)校對此并不知情，他們校外的好友和家長也是在自殺事件發(fā)生后才說出實(shí)情。

According to Zhang，there are only three full-time counselors working in the university’s counseling center for its 60,000 students．He complained: “It’s unrealistic to rely only on counselors to detect students’ mental problems．”據(jù)章勁元說，全校共有六萬名學(xué)生，但學(xué)校的心理咨詢中心只有三位全職心理咨詢師。他抱怨說：“僅僅依靠心理咨詢師來察覺學(xué)生的心理問題，這是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。”

Effective prevention comes from long-term education for life instead of temporary intervention to meet an emergency，said Hu Yi’an．Hu delivers a course of lectures on life and death at Guangzhou University．He worries that universities have paid little attention to education for life．有效的預(yù)防來自于長期的生命教育，而并非遭遇緊急狀況時的臨時干預(yù)，胡毅安（音譯）說。他在廣州大學(xué)教授以生命和死亡為主題的課程。他為各大高校給予生命教育的關(guān)注少之又少而擔(dān)憂。

“Education for life helps students respect and love life so they won’t resort to ending their lives when they have difficulties,” said Hu．“生命教育可以幫助學(xué)生尊重、熱愛生命，這樣一來，當(dāng)他們遇到困難的時候就不會選擇結(jié)束生命了,” 胡毅安說。

According to Hu，the principles can be incorporated into everyday teaching．胡毅安還表示，這些觀念可以融入到日常教學(xué)中去。

Hu is also concerned that some universities are conveying discriminatory message that will hold back students from seeking help．胡老師也很擔(dān)心一些大學(xué)傳遞出帶有歧視性的信息會使得學(xué)生們不愿去尋求幫助。

When HUST conducted the dorm-to-dorm examination，students with poor academic performance were paid special attention．In March，Peking University also released a controversial policy，which required teachers to have a chat with students “with biased thinking”．當(dāng)華中科技大學(xué)校方挨個宿舍進(jìn)行走訪時，學(xué)習(xí)成績較差的學(xué)生也被給予了特別關(guān)照。三月份，北京大學(xué)也推行了一項(xiàng)備受爭議的政策，該新規(guī)要求教師們要找那些學(xué)生中的“激進(jìn)分子”談話。

However，Hu suggested that students step out of their comfort zone to seek real-life communication．

1.The underlined word “reluctant” in paragraph 2 probably means “       ”．

2.Which measure the university took to the first suicide is incorrect?

3.Which of the following is right according to the text?

4.What’s the main idea of the passage?

It’s a nightmare for Huazhong University of Science and Technology （HUST）: within a week，two students committed suicide by jumping off dorm buildings．對于整個華中科技大學(xué)來說，這簡直就是場噩夢：一周之內(nèi)，兩名學(xué)生在宿舍跳樓自殺。
Officials from the university are reluctant to give interviews．校方官員們不愿接受采訪。
“We had a hard time calming down students who were shocked at the suicides,” said Zhang Jingyuan，one official of HUST．
“Media coverage may arouse some students’ negative emotions again．Suicide can be contagious,” Zhang said．他說，“媒體的報(bào)道將會再次引發(fā)學(xué)生的消極情緒，自殺是會傳染的。”
The university reacted promptly to the first suicide on October 23．對于今年10月23號發(fā)生的第一起自殺事件，華中科技大學(xué)迅速做出應(yīng)急措施。
Advisors and class leaders conducted dorm-to-dorm checks to find students suffering depression．Then psychologists offered one-on-one counseling to them．輔導(dǎo)員和班長們走訪了每個宿舍，找出遭遇抑郁的學(xué)生。然后，心理咨詢師會為這些學(xué)生提供一對一的心理咨詢。
Notice boards publicizing tips for identifying peers’ mental problems and offering help were set up in front of dorm buildings．Leaflets carrying similar information were handed out to each dorm．宿舍樓前豎起一些布告欄，為同學(xué)們普及關(guān)于如何發(fā)現(xiàn)身邊人遭遇心理問題并提供幫助的小貼士。印有類似內(nèi)容的小冊子也被分發(fā)給每個寢室。
However，the second suicide came seven days later．然而，七天后，第二起自殺事件發(fā)生了。
Both students were described as men of few words．Their schoolmates didn’t see anything to indicate suicide．據(jù)周圍人描述，這兩名學(xué)生都很少言寡語。他們的同學(xué)都沒有覺察到任何自殺前的征兆。
Zhang revealed that the two students had been bothered by mental disorders．But the school didn’t know this until the students’ close friends outside school and their parents unveiled the truth after the suicides．章勁元透露，這兩名學(xué)生曾經(jīng)飽受心理疾病的困擾。但是學(xué)校對此并不知情，他們校外的好友和家長也是在自殺事件發(fā)生后才說出實(shí)情。
According to Zhang，there are only three full-time counselors working in the university’s counseling center for its 60,000 students．He complained: “It’s unrealistic to rely only on counselors to detect students’ mental problems．”據(jù)章勁元說，全校共有六萬名學(xué)生，但學(xué)校的心理咨詢中心只有三位全職心理咨詢師。他抱怨說：“僅僅依靠心理咨詢師來察覺學(xué)生的心理問題，這是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。”
Effective prevention comes from long-term education for life instead of temporary intervention to meet an emergency，said Hu Yi’an．Hu delivers a course of lectures on life and death at Guangzhou University．He worries that universities have paid little attention to education for life．有效的預(yù)防來自于長期的生命教育，而并非遭遇緊急狀況時的臨時干預(yù)，胡毅安（音譯）說。他在廣州大學(xué)教授以生命和死亡為主題的課程。他為各大高校給予生命教育的關(guān)注少之又少而擔(dān)憂。
“Education for life helps students respect and love life so they won’t resort to ending their lives when they have difficulties,” said Hu．“生命教育可以幫助學(xué)生尊重、熱愛生命，這樣一來，當(dāng)他們遇到困難的時候就不會選擇結(jié)束生命了,” 胡毅安說。
According to Hu，the principles can be incorporated into everyday teaching．胡毅安還表示，這些觀念可以融入到日常教學(xué)中去。
Hu is also concerned that some universities are conveying discriminatory message that will hold back students from seeking help．胡老師也很擔(dān)心一些大學(xué)傳遞出帶有歧視性的信息會使得學(xué)生們不愿去尋求幫助。
When HUST conducted the dorm-to-dorm examination，students with poor academic performance were paid special attention．In March，Peking University also released a controversial policy，which required teachers to have a chat with students “with biased thinking”．當(dāng)華中科技大學(xué)校方挨個宿舍進(jìn)行走訪時，學(xué)習(xí)成績較差的學(xué)生也被給予了特別關(guān)照。三月份，北京大學(xué)也推行了一項(xiàng)備受爭議的政策，該新規(guī)要求教師們要找那些學(xué)生中的“激進(jìn)分子”談話。
However，Hu suggested that students step out of their comfort zone to seek real-life communication．
【小題1】The underlined word “reluctant” in paragraph 2 probably means “       ”．