題目列表(包括答案和解析)
In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (壞血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men??s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors?? diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.
Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (齋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.
51. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____
A. salted meat and biscuits B. exhaustion
C. want of some essential substances D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits
52. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.
A. got rid of B. killed C. avoided D. cleared away
53. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it??s better for us ____.
A. not to eat much salted meat
B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills
C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables
D. to develop a good dietary habit
54. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.
A. vitamin pills are of no avail
B. nutritious food might be unhealthy
C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy
D. religious fasting may help out a lot
55. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?
A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.
B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.
C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people??s health.
D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.
閱讀表達(dá)
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health．Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat．Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon．Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures．That food is related to illness is not a new discovery．In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer．Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful．The additives which we eat are not all so direct．Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow．Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons．The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market．Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, _________．
1．What’s the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)
___________________
2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It seems that the food we eat has a great effect on our health．
___________________
3．What are penicillin and similar drugs can be used for?Why?(Please answer within 30 words．)
___________________
4．Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases．(Please answer within 10 words．)
___________________
5．Translate the underlined sentence．
___________________
閱讀表達(dá)
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health．Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat．Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon．Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures．That food is related to illness is not a new discovery．In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer．Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful．The additives which we eat are not all so direct．Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow．Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons．The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market．Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, ________．
1．What’s the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)
________________________
2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It seems that the food we eat has a great effect on our health．
________________________
3．What are penicillin and similar drugs can be used for?Why?(Please answer within 30 words．)
________________________
4．Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases．(Please answer within 10 words．)
________________________
5．Translate the underlined sentence．
________________________
閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)要求完成文章后的題目。
Chatting online can be great fun，but remember, you never really know who you are talking to online．It could be someone trying to trick you，some kind of weirdo（古怪的人），or someone really dangerous．Here are some tips to help you keep safe：
● 1. Never use your real name in chat rooms．
● 2. Never tell anyone personal things about yourself or your family—like your address or telephone number ，or the school or clubs you go to．That goes for sending them photos as well（that way if you don’t want to hear from them again，you only have to log off.） Remember, even if somebody tells you about themselves，never tell them things about you.
● 3. If you arrange to meet up with someone you’ve only spoken to once, remember that they might not be who they said they were，so only meet people in public places and take along an adult.
● 4. Never respond to nasty（淫穢的）or rude messages，and never send any either! If you feel uncomfortable about the way a conversation is going，or if it’s getting really personal，save a record of it and stop the conversation．That way you can show someone and ask what they think．
● 5. Be careful with any emails or links that people send you，they might contain nasty （淫穢的）pictures，or computer “viruses” that could ruin your computer．So if you____________ , don’t open it．
71．What is the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words）
__________________ ___________________________________________
72．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
The person you are talking to online may mean to do harm to you．
_____________________________________________________________________
73．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words．）
_____________ ____________________________________________________
74．Which of the suggestions do you think is the best for you? Why? （Please answer within 30 words．）
_____________________________________________________________________
75．Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese．
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