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What makes a successful speech? First, you should have a good speech script (稿子) so that your ideas and language can attract people's attention. And some skills are necessary, too.

Here are some suggestions on giving great speeches:

◆Beat nerves

Relax yourself before and when making a speech. Practice your opening sentence three or four times. This will help make a sure start and a successful speech. When you stand on the stage, think of the audience(觀眾) as your family members and friends.

◆Keep it natural

Natural body languages will help your speech: smile, stand straight and look at the audience. Do not drop your head or play with a pen. Also, dressing yourself nicely will help the audience feel respected.

◆Pace and pause (節(jié)奏和停頓)

Pace and pause add color to your speech. Speak fast enough to keep people excited and slowly enough for people to fully understand you. After an important point, pause for a moment. It'll change the atmosphere (氣氛)in the audience.

Tips on giving speeches

Feeding a crowd of hundreds doesn’t make Kenny Seals-Nutt nervous.
In fact, he thrives in the kitchen. He’s in his perfect place when dicing tomatoes, making salads and baking cakes.
By the time Kenny, 16, reached his third year of high school at Hickory Grove, North Carolina, US, he had become vice president of his school’s cooking club. He also opened his own food company, called Modern Fusion.
Kenny said he developed his love of cooking by watching his mother, and his grandmother, who owned a catering (飲食業(yè)) business herself. Kenny helped them both in order to remember their tips: how long to cook chicken so it stays wet, and the right amount of tomatoes to add to a spaghetti dish.
At the age of 5, he cooked his first dish of shrimp and broccoli. Taking it for his school lunch, he warmed it up in the school’s microwave, while the other kids ate their sandwiches.
“I love to eat, and it started to become more fun to cook than to use a microwave,” he said.
Cooking came easy to Kenny, and he enjoyed adding new ingredients into common dishes. “It started with a passion (熱情) and I wanted to know more,” he said. He began to watch the Food Network and read chef blogs.
Last summer, Kenny put his skills to the test by working with his grandmother to cater his uncle’s wedding. While she cooked traditional dishes, Kenny wanted to add new to the expected flavors (風(fēng)味).
Now Kenny spends his weekends catering his own events: weddings, birthday parties, baby showers. Kenny’s dishes are always a hit.
Chef Frederick Mookie Hicks, owner of a catering business, said Kenny’s success comes from his ability to multitask in the kitchen. Hicks said he has asked Kenny to cook with him on jobs three times now, and he presents Kenny as a positive example of a passionate chef to the students in his cooking classes.
“He’s so vigorous (精神飽滿的) about cooking that he doesn’t let anything stop him,” Hicks said. “I knew in the first five minutes of working with the kid that he is something special.”
【小題1】How is Kenny different from other students?

A man walked into a restaurant. The restaurant advertised it had the   1   menu in the world. The manager was very proud of being able to provide any dish, no matter how   2   it was.
At the bottom of the   3  , there was a notice that said, “If you do not see the dish you need on this menu, please tell us and we will add it to the menu right away.”
The man   4   the menu and decided to make sure if it was true. He would order   5    that was very unusual.
When a waiter came up to take his order, he said, “You say you can serve any dish, even if it’s not on your longest menu in the world.”
“That is correct, sir. We are able to meet everyone’s requirements.”
“Well,” the man said, “bring me a sandwich with two elephant ears.   6  , not African.”
The waiter wrote down in his paper: Two Indian elephant ears on toast.
“Very good, sir,” he said. “That shouldn’t   7   long.”
The waiter walked away quickly.
The man was very surprised and rather disappointed.
Then he smiled   8  the waiter returned with a very unhappy look on his face.
“Ah!” the man said. “You can’t  9  it to me, can you?”
The waiter made an apology (道歉).
“I’m very sorry, sir, and this is the   10  embarrassing,”（困窘 ） he said, “but I’m afraid we can’t because we’ve run out of bread.”

Saving water is an important part of going green. As water becomes less and polluted more, conservation (保護(hù)) becomes more and more important. The less water you use, the less wastewater will end up in our rivers and lakes. Wasting water means that more water needs to be treated and cleaned, a process that requires quite a lot of energy.

As it is said above, cutting down on water usage is one of the most important things you can do for your local environment and the planet as a whole. That is why more green households are going blue: cutting down their water footprint by conserving and harvesting (收獲) water.

It may seem like a big concept, but going blue starts with small changes that everyone can make. Something as simple as turning off the tap while you brush your teeth can save a lot of water. Wash your fruits and vegetables in a bowl rather than under a tap to save even more. Make sure that the taps are fully turned off every time you step away from the sink or the shower — all those little drips can add up to a lot of water waste.

Another way of reducing your water footprint is reducing your dependence on the main water supply. Rainwater harvesting can meet a lot of your home’s water needs. Many of us already practice rainwater harvesting in a small way. Collecting water from your gutters (檐溝) is a great way to keep your garden green without running the sprinkler (灑水器).

1.The underlined word “green” means ______ in this passage.

A．嫉妒             B．環(huán)保             C．未成熟的         D．健康的

2.According to the passage, which is NOT the reason that people should save water?

A．Treating wastewater needs much energy.

B．The water on the earth is becoming less and less.

C．The water on the earth is becoming polluted more.

D．Rainwater harvesting can meet a lot of your home’s water needs.

3.According to the passage, all of these can be used to save water except ______.

A．washing fruit and vegetables under a tap

B．using a bowl to wash your fruit and vegetables

C．making sure taps are fully turned off all the time

D．turning off the tap every time after brushing your teeth

4.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

A．Save Water by Turning off the Tap

B．How to Treat and Clean Wastewater

C．Keep Your Garden Green with Rainwater

D．Save Water Starting with Small Changes

5.From the passage, we can know that_____.

A．we can get enough water by harvesting

B．most people pay no attention to saving water

C．we can practice rainwater harvesting in a small way

D．harvesting water is more necessary than conserving it

Building a house is an operation which costs quite a lot of money．Suppose you plan to
1   a house，your first step is to find a suitable piece of   2 ，You will probably try to find a sunny place，in a   3  situation，near stores and bus stops，not too far from your friends and the place where you work．
Next you will find an   4   builder．And together with the builder you will make a
5 ，The builder will draw it．The builder will also   6  the cost of your house．He will estimate(估計(jì))the cost of the wood，the glass，and everything else that he must use in building the house．Later on，when he starts to build，this estimate must   7 ，because the prices may   8 ，and many other thing may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house．
9   the builder gives you his estimate，you may wish to change your plan．You may find that some of the things you wanted at first cost too much，or that you can  10   a little more and add something to your original plan．