The World Health Organization recently reported that the number of cases of tuberculosis(TB) has been abating since 2006 . Also, fewer people are dying from TB. But a study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, says smoking could threaten this progress.
Nearly twenty percent of all people use tobacco, and millions of non-smokers get sick from breathing the smoke. The new study predicts that smoking will produce an additional thirty-four million TB deaths by 2024.
Efforts to control the spread of TB have mainly focused on finding and treating infections. Fewer efforts have been made to understand the causes. Dr Anthony Fauci is the director of the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases. He said, “Despite our control efforts, we still have more than a million people each year dying from TB and millions of people getting infected; we realize it’s still a very important problem. So we have to do the practical thing and we have to do the fundamental research things at the same time. ”
Smoking does not cause TB; bacteria cause the infection. But the study says smoking affects the nervous system in a way that makes an inactive case of TB more likely to develop into an active one. Stanton Glantz is the director of the University of California’s Centre for Tobacco Control Research and Education and an author of the new study. He says it shows that TB cannot be controlled unless tobacco use is controlled. He said, “It increases the number of people who will get TB by about seven percent.”
The study is described as the first to identify a direct link between tobacco use and rates of TB infection and death. Professor Glantz says the results should guide those creating health policies and TB control efforts. He said, “If you want to control the infectious disease of TB, you have to control the tobacco industry and the tobacco industry’s efforts to increase tobacco use, particularly in developing countries where TB is a big problem.”
1.What would be the beat title for this passage?
A．Scientists try to find the causes of TB deaths.
B．Study shows smoking is harmful to our health.
C．Study links smoking to millions of TB deaths.
D．Scientists pay more attention to TB deaths than before.
2.What does the underlined word “abating” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Responding B．Surviving. C．Rising. D．Falling.
3. What would Dr Anthony Fauci probably agree with?
A．More efforts are needed to find the causes of TB infections.
B．TB infections are no longer a serious problem.
C．Few efforts have been put into the work of treating TB infections.
D．The practical and the fundamental research cannot be done together at present.
4.It is implied in the passage that ____________.
A．it is not very hard to control TB
B．smoking indirectly leads to TB
C．an inactive case of TB is deadly
D．people cannot blame smoking for TB
1.C
2.D
3.A
4.B
【解析】
試題分析：本文主要講解了研究人員對吸煙和數百萬的肺結核患者的關系進行了論述。
1.主旨題。從第一段及最后一段The study is described as the first to identify a direct link between tobacco use and rates of TB infection and death.可知本文主要講解了研究人員對吸煙和數百萬的肺結核患者的關系進行了論述，故選C
2.推斷題。從文章第一段及Also, fewer people are dying from TB.可知，這個單詞的意思是減少了，即從2006來肺結核的病人已經有了減少，故選D
3.細節題。從文章 Efforts to control the spread of TB have mainly focused on finding and treating infections. Fewer efforts have been made to understand the causes.可知Dr Anthony Fauci 認為應更加關注于找出肺結核傳染的原因，故選A
4.細節推斷題。從Smoking does not cause TB; bacteria cause the infection. But the study says smoking affects the nervous system in a way that makes an inactive case of TB more likely to develop into an active one.可知吸煙并不會直接導致肺結核，故選B
考點：健康類說明文
點評：本文推斷題較多，給文章增添了一定的難度。對于此類文章，所給的信息量比較精煉，要求學生仔細認真的讀懂文章，不能走馬觀花的看，要根據題目中的內容對比文章的上下，綜合作答，尤其對于推斷題，要準確理會作者的寫作情感，事情發展的邏輯關系都需要特別注意。
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寒假天地重慶出版社系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence (吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.
At the first home, the son of the deceased (已故的) woman said to me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow , she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead.”
You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course — keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation — would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?
There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.
The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.
A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.
The author had to hold the two women’s funerals probably because .
A. he wanted to comfort the two families B. he was an official from the community
C. he had great pity for the deceased D. he was priest of the local church
People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because .
A. they couldn’t find a better way to express their sorrow
B. they believe that they were responsible
C. they had neglected the natural course of events
D. they didn’t know things often turn out in the opposite direction
According to the passage, the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably means that .
A. everything in the world is predetermined
B. the world can be interpreted in different ways
C. there’s an explanation for everything in the world
D. we have to be sensible in order to understand the world
What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Life and death is an unsolved mystery.
B. Every story should have a happy ending.
C. Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault.
D. In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away .
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Surfing-the art of riding a wave on a pointed board-is the wildest, fastest natural water sport known to man. In recent years, it has developed into a major sport around the world, from Australia to South Africa. Australians challenge man-eating sharks to ride the green waves in Australia; Hawaiian experts risk their lives on huge, thirty-foot swells(巨浪)against the wind of Oahu; Californians of all ages go out all the year round. In the winter, surf-riders put on life-suits to ride grave waves so cold that their flesh turns blue.
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The first paragraph mainly tells us ________ .
A. people around the world go surfing all the year round
B. the definition (定義) of the sport
C. how to surf in the sea
D. where to surf around the would
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A. is not an easy sport
B. can be done by anyone
C. should be done by everyone
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A. you must first swim a quarter of a mile to warm your body
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C. you must first put on warm clothes before doing surfing
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The West began to take more notice of the East.The fifth volume of an enormous work reassessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year.The first volume,which was published twenty years ago,set the tone for the whole work.In it,evidence was given to show that many inventions which,until then,western historians had claimed forEurope,were made first in China.The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received without protest by some reputable historians.However,the evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volumes has persuaded many historians who were skeptical at first.China’s invention of paper,printing,the magnetic compass and gunpowder has never been disputed,but this new history has added advanced bridge design,mechanical clocks,paddle boats and many other inventions to the list.
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A.ten years ago B.last year C.five years ago D.twenty years ago
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A.doubtful B.worried C.sad D.angry
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A.Gunpowder. B.Needle. C.Paddle boats. D.Bridge design.
The best title for this passage is _________.
A.China’s Inventions
B.Comparisons Between the East and the West
C.China Is Catching Up
D.Situations in China
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Leif Erickson reached North America around the year 1000, but the attempt to explore was started slowly. It would be five centuries __1__ other Europeans landed on that continent.
Why were Europeans the ones to __2__ to the American? The Chinese and Arabs had the __3__ and technology to sail across the seas. __4__ of them tool regular voyages in the Indian Ocean and the Asian Pacific for trade. But exploration? By the mid-15th century China had followed the closed-door policy to __5__ itself from the rest of the world. The Arabs, with access to the minerals and spices (香料) of Africa and the Far East, saw no __6__ to journey into the unknown.
Europe, on the other hand, needed gold and silver; its mines could not __7__ the demand for coinage (鑄幣). Ottoman Turks blocked the routes across the land to Asia. Only the sea held the promise of new wealth.
__8__ the return of Magellan’s ships in 1522 from its voyage around the world, the belief was __9__ that the oceans were interconnected, promising the age of discovery. The English, as well as the Spanish, Portuguese and French, __10__ themselves to finding the “river of the west” through North America to the east.
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A. push B. pull C. draw D. drive
A. sources B. resources C. substances D. matters
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A. prevent B. protect C. isolate D. differ
A. need B. chance C. choice D. regret
A. create B. meet C. raise D. develop
A. As B. For C. With D. At
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Ⅲ.閱讀（共兩節，滿分40分）
閱讀理解（共15小題；每小2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks,
And at restaurants did not take her seriously ,did not give her good service ,pretended not to
Understand her ,or even acted as if they did not hear her .
My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she . I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票經紀人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs.Tan..”
And my mother was standing beside me ,whispering loudly, “Why he don’t send me cheek already two week lone.”
And then , in perfect English I said : “I’m getting rather concerned .You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.”
Then she talked more loudly. “What he want? I come to New York tell him front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I can’t tolerate any more excuse. If I don’t receive the check immediately , I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.”
The next week we ended up in New York. While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real Mrs.Tan, was shouting to his boss in her broken English.
When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.
1.Why was the author’s mother poorly served?
A.She was unable to speak good English.
B.She was often misunderstood.
C.She was not clearly heard.
D.She was not very polite.
2.From Paragorph 2, we know that the author was____________.
A.good a pretending
B.rude to the stockbroker
C.ready to help her mother
D.unwilling to phone for her mother
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A.they forgave the stockbroker
B.they failed to get the check
C.they went to New York immediately
D.they spoke to their boss at once
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A.It confuses her.
B.It embarrasses her.
C.It helps her understand the world.
D.It helps her tolerate rude people.
5.We can inter from the passage that Chinese English__________.
A.is clear and natural to non-native speakers
B.is vivid and direct to non-native speakers
C.has a verv bad reputation in America
D.may bring inconvenience in America
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