Marie Curie was a Polish-born physicist and chemist and one of the most famous scientists of her time. Together with her husband Pierre, she won the Nobel Prize in 1903, and another one in 1911.
Marie Sklodowska was born in Warsaw on 7 November 1867, the daughter of a teacher. In 1891, she went to Paris to study physics and maths at the Sorbonne where she met Pierre Curie, professor of the School of Physics. They married in 1895.
The Curies worked together studying radioactivity(放射性), building on the work of the German physicist Roentgen and the French physicist Becquerel. In July 1898, the Curies announced the discovery of polonium(釙). At the end of the year, they announced the discovery of another, radium(鐳). The Curies, along with Becquerel, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903.
Pierre’s life was cut short in 1906 when he was knocked down and killed by a carriage. Marie took over his teaching post, becoming the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne, and devoted (獻身于) herself to continuing the work that they had begun together. She received a second Nobel Prize, for Chemistry, in 1911.
The Curies’ research was important in developing X-rays in surgery. During World WarⅠ, Marie helped fixed X-ray equipment, which she herself drove to the front lines. She helped train doctors for the International Red Cross.
Although she achieved much success, men scientists in France were still against Marie, and she never received any financial help from her work. By the late 1920s her health was beginning to become worse. She died on 4 July 1934 from her dangerous research. The Curies’ eldest daughter Irene was a scientist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
1.All the following people contributed to Marie’s first Nobel Prize EXCEPT _____.
A．Irene B．Pierre C．Becquerel D．Roentgen
2.We can know from the text that Marie’s work______.
A．won her respect from men scientists
B．brought her some financial help
C．had a bad effect on her health
D．had no influence on her children
3.Which is the right order of the following events?
①Marie became a teacher at the Sorbonne.
②Marie helped train doctors.
③The Curies discovered polonium.
④The Curies won the Nobel Prize for Physics.
⑤The Curies discovered radium.
A．①④⑤③② B．③⑤④①② C．⑤④①③② D．②③⑤①④
4.Which of the following about Marie is NOT true?
A．She married at the age of 28.
B．Her parent was a teacher.
C．She was the first woman teacher at the Sorbonne.
D．She helped the International Red Cross fix X-ray equipment.
1.A
2.C
3.B
4.D
【解析】
試題分析：文章介紹了居里夫人生平事跡，一生的成就，和對人類的貢獻。
1.細節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：The Curies worked together studying radioactivity(放射性), building on the work of the German physicist Roentgen and the French physicist Becquerel.可知Irene對她第一次獲得諾貝爾獎沒有貢獻。選A
2.細節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：By the late 1920s her health was beginning to become worse. She died on 4 July 1934 from her dangerous research.可知居里夫人的研究對她的健康是有危害的，選C
3.排序題：從這篇文章的3，4，5段可知正確的順序是：③The Curies discovered polonium. ⑤The Curies discovered radium. ④The Curies won the Nobel Prize for Physics. ①Marie became a teacher at the Sorbonne. ②Marie helped train doctors.選B。
4.細節(jié)題：從倒數(shù)第二段的句子：She helped train doctors for the International Red Cross.可知她是幫助紅十字會訓練醫(yī)生。選D
考點：考查人物傳記類短文
點評：本文所設試題主要考查細節(jié)查找，對于文章中的細節(jié)題，要注意文本內(nèi)容的理解。關(guān)鍵是找出原文的根據(jù)，認真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯誤有：絕對化語言，范圍擴大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。帶著問題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀。
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Dr. Marie Curie is known to the world as the scientist who discovered radioactive metals i.e. Radium and Polonium.
Marie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist. Together with her husband, Pierre, she discovered two new elements and studied the x-rays they emitted. She found that the harmful properties of x-rays were able to kill tumors. By the end of World War I, Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in the world. She had made a conscious decision, however, not to patent methods of processing radium or its medical applications.
Marie Curie was born on November 7, 1867 in Poland and died on July 4, 1934. Her co-discovery with her husband Pierre Curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the best known stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901 with the Nobel Prize for Physics. In 1911, Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel prize, this time for chemistry, to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium's atomic weight.
As a child, Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory. She learned to read when she was only four years old. Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie. She dreamed of becoming a scientist, but that would not be easy. Her family became very poor, and at the age of 18, Marie became a governess. She helped pay for her sister to study in Paris. Later, her sister helped Marie with her education. In 1891, Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie, a well-known physicist.
Marie Curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x-rays. She received two Nobel prizes for her brilliant work, but died of leukemia, caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive material.
The underlined word “emitted” in the 2nd paragraph means_______.
A. gave off B. gave away C. set out D. set off
According to the passage, which order of the following is right?
① Marie Curie worked as a governess. ② Marie Curie met and marry Pierre Curie.
③ Marie Curie learned to read. ④ Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel Prize.
⑤ Marie Curie discovered radium.
A. ①②③④⑤ B. ③①②⑤④ C. ①②③⑤④ D. ③①②④⑤
When did Marie Curie win a Nobel Prize for a chemistry?
A. In her twenties B. In her thirties C. In her forties D. In her fifties
What does the passage mainly talked about?
A. Marie Curie discovered radium B. Marie Curie, a famous chemist
C. Marie Curie won two Noble Prizes D. The brief biography of Marie Curie
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C
Marie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist who lived between 1867---1934.
Together with her husband, Pierre, she discovered two new elements (radium and polonium) and studied the x-rays. She found that the harmful properties of x-rays were able to kill tumors(腫瘤). By the end of World WarⅠ, Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in the world. She had made a conscious decision, however, not to patent（申請專利）methods of processing radium or its medical applications.
Marie Curie was born on November 7, 1867, in Poland and died on July 4, 1934.
Her co-discovery with her husband Pierre Curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the best known stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901with the Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1911, Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium’s atomic weight.
As a child, Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory. She learned to read when she was only four years old. Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie. She dreamed of becoming a scientist, but that would not be easy. Her family became very poor, and at the age of 18, Marie became a governess(家庭教師). In 1891, Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie, a well-known physicist.
Marie Curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x-rays. She received two Noble Prizes for her brilliant work, but died of leukemia, caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive material.
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D. To let us know something about Madame Curie’s childhood.
65. In this passage the underlined word “isolating” probably means________.
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C. Marie Curie found it hard for her to receive high education.
D. Marie Curie received two Noble Prizes in physics.
67. Which is the right order of happenings in this passage?
a. married Pierre Curie b. attended University
c. discovered radium d. determined radium’s atomic weight
e. won the Noble Prize in physics
A. b, c, a, d, e B. b, a, c, d, e C. b, a, c, e, d D. b, c, a, e, d
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| A． Jane Addams and Marie Curie |
| B．Jane Addams and Margaret Thatcher. |
| C．Marie Curie and Angela Merkel |
| D．Marie Curie and Rachel Carson |
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| C．Rachel Carson | D．Margaret Thatcher |
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Marie Curie proved to the world that there was element that gave off radiation. And she also proved to the world that, if women are given truly equal chance, they can really help society.
1.The scientists of Marie Curie’s day knew .
|
A．that uranium gave off radiation |
|
B．that radium gave off radiation |
|
C．that there was some radium in uranium |
|
D．that uranium and radium both gave off radiation |
2.The Curies found the element radium .
|
A．with other scientists’ help |
B．by asking some famous scientists |
|
C．by doing many experiments |
D．with their teachers’ help |
3.In the past many people thought .
|
A．that women must get the same chance as men in education and jobs |
|
B．that women should receive much education |
|
C．that women should get good jobs |
|
D．that women could not do the work well |
4.Marie Curie proved to people .
|
A．that there was a new element uranium |
|
B．that there was a new element radium |
|
C．that women could do their work as well as men if they were really given the same conditions |
|
D．both B and C |
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Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities（設備） to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military’s Medal by the French government.
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1.Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?
A.Because she received a degree in mathematics.
B.Because she contributed to saving the wounded.
C.Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.
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A.At the Curie Institute. B.At the Cniversity of Paris.
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