科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年浙江省高三沖刺模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
WASHINGTON---Think you’re savvy about food safety? That you wash your hands well, scrub away germs, cook your meat properly?
Guess again.
Scientists put cameras in the kitchens of 100 families in Logan, Utah. What was caught on tape in this middle-class, well-educated college town suggests why food poisoning hits so many Americans.
People skipped soap when hand-washing. Used the same towel to wipe up raw meat juice as to dry their hands. Made a salad without washing the lettuce. Undercooked the meat loaf. One even tasted the marinade in which bacteria-ridden raw fish had soaked.
Not to mention the mom who handled raw chicken and then fixed her infant a bottle without washing her hands.
Or another mom who merely rinsed(沖洗) her baby’s juice bottle after it fell into raw eggs---no soap against the salmonella(沙門氏菌) that can lurk(潛伏) in eggs.
“Shocking,” was Utah State University nutritionist Janet Anderson’s reaction.
Specialists call this typical of the average U.S. household: Everybody commits at least some safety sins(罪惡) when they are hurried, distracted by fussy children or ringing phones, simply not thinking about germs. Even Anderson made changes in her kitchen after watching the tapes.
The Food and Drug Administration funded Anderson’s $50,000 study to detect how cooks slip up. The goal is to improve consumers’ knowledge of how to protect themselves from the food poisoning that strikes 76 million Americans each year.
“One of the great barriers in getting people to change is they think they’re doing such a good job already,” said FDA consumer research chief Alan Levy.
Surveys show most Americans blame restaurants for food-borne illnesses. Asked if they follow basic bacteria-fighting tips---listed on the Internet at www.fightbac.org---most insist they’re careful in their kitchens.
Levy says most food poisonings probably occur at home. The videotapes suggest why. People have no idea that they’re messing up, Anderson said. “You just go in the kitchen, and it’s something you don’t think about.”
She described preliminary(初步的) study results at a food meeting last week. Having promised the families anonymity, she didn’t show the tapes.
For $50 and free groceries, families agreed to be filmed. Their kitchens looked clean and presumably(perhaps) they were on their best behavior, but they didn’t know it was a safety study. Hoping to see real-life hygiene, scientists called the experiment “market research” on how people cooked a special recipe.
Scientists bought ingredients for a salad plus either Mexican meat loaf, marinaded halibut or herb-breaded chicken breasts with mustard sauce---recipes designed to catch safety slip-ups.
Cameras started rolling as the cooks put away the groceries.
There was mistake No. 1: Only a quarter stored raw meat and seafood on the refrigerator’s bottom shelf so other foods don’t get contaminated(污染) by dripping juices.
Mistake No. 2: Before starting to cook, only 45 percent washed their hands. Of those, 16 percent didn’t use soap. You’re supposed to wash hands often while cooking, especially after handling raw meat. But on average, each cook skipped seven times that Anderson said they should have washed. Only a third consistently used soap---many just rinsed and wiped their hands on a dish towel. That dish towel became Anderson’s nightmare. Using paper towels to clean up raw meat juice is safest. But dozens wiped the countertop(臺面板) with that cloth dish towel---further spreading germs the next time they dried their hands.
Thirty percent didn’t wash the lettuce; others placed salad ingredients on meat-contaminated counters.
Scientists checked the finished meal with thermometers, and Anderson found “alarming” results: 35 percent who made the meat loaf undercooked it, 42 percent undercooked the chicken and 17 percent undercooked the fish.
Must you use a thermometer? Anderson says just because the meat isn’t pink doesn’t always mean it got hot enough to kill bacteria.
Anderson’s study found gaps in food-safety campaigns. FDA’s “Fight Bac” antibacterial program doesn’t stress washing vegetables. Levy calls those dirty dish towels troubling; expect more advice stressing paper towels.
Anderson’s main message: “If people would simply wash their hands and clean food surfaces after handling raw meat, so many of the errors would be taken care of.”
1.Where did this article most likely come from?
A．The Internet. B．A newspaper. C．A Textbook. D．A brochure.
2. What is the purpose of Paragraphs 4 through 6?
A．To present the author’s opinion about the study.
B．To explain how the study was conducted.
C．To state the reason for the food safety study.
D．To describe things observed in the study.
3. What prevents many Americans practicing better food safety in their kitchen?
A．They don’t trust the Food and Drug Administration.
B．They’ve followed basic bacteria-fighting tips on the Internet.
C．They think they are being careful enough already.
D．They believe they are well-informed and well-educated enough.
4. Which of the following would prevent most cases of food poisoning in the home?
A．Washing hands and cleaning surfaces after handling raw meat.
B．Strictly following recipes and cooking meat long enough.
C．Storing raw meat on the bottom shelf in the refrigerator.
D．Using paper towels t clean up raw meat juice.
5. What is the main purpose of this article?
A．To discourage people from cooking so much meat at home.
B．To criticize the families who participated in the study.
C．To introduce the Food and Drug Administration’s food safety campaigns.
D．To report the results of a study about the causes of food poisoning.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學年福建省高三第三次月考英語試題 題型：閱讀理解
Ideas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another．Some societies, such as America and Australia, for example, are mobile and very open．People here change jobs and move house quite often．As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they need to get to know people quickly．So it’s normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal．
On the other hand there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long – term relationships are more important．A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business．But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society．
To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first．On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it’s no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don’t want to answer．
Cross-cultural differences aren’t just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them．All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different from place to place．This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with．
Some societies have ‘universalistic’ cultures．These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way．
‘Particularistic’ societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the society’s unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person．So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person．
This difference can cause problems．A traveler from a particularistic society, India, is checking in for a flight in Germany, a country which has a universalistic culture．The Indian traveler has two much luggage, but he explains that he has been away from home for a long time and the suitcases are full of presents for his family．He expects that the check – in official will understand his problem and will change the rules for him．The check – in official explains that if he was allowed to have too much luggage, it wouldn’t be fair to the other passengers．But the traveler thinks this is unfair, because the other passengers don’t have his problem．
1.Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americans and Australians _____．
A．like traveling better B．easy to communicate with
C．difficult to make real friends D．have a long–term relationship with their neighbors
2.People like Malaysians prefer to associate with those _________．
A．who will tell them everything of their own
B．who want to do business with them
C．they know quite well
D．who are good at talking
3.A person from a less mobile society will feel it _______ when a stranger keeps talking to him or her, and asking him or her questions．
A．boring B．friendly C．normal D．rough
4.The writer of the passage thinks that the Indian and the German have different ideas about rules because of different _______．
A．interests B．habits and customs C．cultures D．ways of life
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科目：高中英語 來源：2009年高考試題（湖北卷）解析版 題型：閱讀理解
Three years ago, five parrots were set free in a wild place of Arizona, thousands of miles from the Channel Islands in Jersey where they had been looked after by zookeepers. No evolutionary strategies informed them how to behave in this new landscape of mountainous pine forest unoccupied by their kind for 50 years. To the researchers’ surprise, they failed to make contact with a group of wild parrots imported from Mexico and set free at the same time. Within 24 hours the reintroducing ended in failure, and the poor birds were back in cages, on their way to the safety of the Arizona reintroduction programme.
Ever since then, the programme has enjoyed great success, mainly because the birds now being set free are Mexican birds illegally caught in the wild, confiscated （沒收） on arrival north of the border, and raised by their parents in the safety of the programme. The experience shows how little we know about the behaviour and psychology （心理） of parrots, as Peter Bennett, a bird researcher, points out: “Reintroducing species of high intelligence like parrots is a lot more difficult. People like parrots, always treating them as nothing more than pets or valuable ‘collectables’.”
Now that many species of parrot are in immediate danger of dying out, biologists are working together to study the natural history and the behaviour of this family of birds. Last year was an important turning point: conservationists founded the World Parrot Trust, based at Hayle in Cornwall, to support research into both wild and caged birds.
Research on parrots is vital for two reasons. First, as the Arizona programme showed, when reintroducing parrots to the wild, we need to be aware of what the birds must know if they are to survive in their natural home. We also need to learn more about the needs of parrots kept as pets, particularly as the Trust’s campaign does not attempt to discourage the practice, but rather urges people who buy parrots as pets to choose birds raised by humans.
1.What do we know about the area where the five parrots were reintroduced?
A. Its landscape is new to parrots of their kind.
B. It used to be home to parrots of their kind.
C. It is close to where they had been kept.
D. Pine trees were planted to attract birds.
2.The reintroducing experience three years ago shows that man-raised parrots
A. can find their way back home in Jersey
B. are unable to recognize their parents
C. are unable to adapt to the wild
D. can produce a new species
3.Why are researches on parrots important according to the passage?
A. The Trust shows great concern for the programme.
B. We need to know more about how to preserve parrots.
C. Many people are interested in collecting parrots.
D. Parrots’ intelligence may some day benefit people.
4.According to the passage, people are advised ______.
A. to treat wild and caged parrots equally
B. to set up comfortable homes for parrots
C. not to keep wild parrots as pets
D. not to let more parrots go to the wild
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Some dances gain more popularity than others because they can be performed to different kinds of music and the steps change accordingly. One such dance is waltz(華爾茲).
There is a basic form for waltz, which you can see in this drawing of a dancing couple. The man places one arm around the woman’s waist and she places her opposite hand on his shoulder. Then, they stretch their other arms out from their bodies and clasp hand. If someone tries to teach you a formal kind of dancing, chances are your teacher will start with the waltz. Have you ever tried to dance like this?
There are lots of different kinds of waltz, all performed to different types of waltz music. The music might be fast or slow but what they all have is a regular one-two-three, one-two-three rhythm.
The traditional form is the old-school waltz in which dancers turn all the time with a hopping(跳躍), springy step. This waltz has a slow, smooth, gliding step. There’s also the Mexican waltz, which moves much faster. Listen to this Mexican waltz music and you can imagine how fast the dancers had to move.
Formal dancing has even become a profession, with people entering competitions. Have you ever seen a formal dance competition?
Today, ballroom dancing is almost considered a competitive sport; professionals perform different dances, each with strict rules. Everything from where the dancers place their hands to how they move is judged. In the glide waltz, dancers are judged by how smoothly they move. “ I can dance with a glass of water on my head,” is a well known sentence used by skilled dancers in the old days. In the past, some people learned how to dance by reading books, while others studied with a teacher called the “dancing master.” How do people learn to dance today?
51. When a couple are dancing, _______.
A. the girl places one arm around the man’s waist
B. the man puts one hand on the girl’s shoulder
C. they stand face to face with one of their hands held together
D. the man puts one arm around the girl’s waist and the other on her shoulder
52. Why do the dancers move fast in the Mexican waltz?
A. To keep up with the music.
B. To show how well they perform.
C. To catch up with the other dancers.
D. to show the difference of the dance.
53. What do the different types of waltz have in common?
A. They use the same kind of music.
B. They share the same kind of steps.
C. Their speeds are the same.
D. They have the same kind of rhythm.
54. If one says “ I can dance with a glass of water on my head,” we know that _______.
A. he is a good dancer B. he is a beginner
C. he is practising dancing D. he is tired of dancing
55. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To tell us to learn waltz. B. To tell us how to dance.
C. To tell us something about waltz. D. To tell us the development of waltz.
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