Question

To get an extra 14 years of life, don’t smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount. That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine Journal.
After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45-79 years in the United Kingdom from about 1993-2007, Kay-Tee, Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived an average of 14 years longer than those who didn’t.
“We’ve known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we’ve not seen this benefit before, ” said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain’s Medical Research Council. “The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from.”
Study participants（參與者）scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．
Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviors would surely gain 14 years．
“We can't say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things, ”said Dr．Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization．“The 14 years is an average across the population of what's theoretically（理論上地）possible．”
“Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking isn't good for them, ”Susan Jebb said．“We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change．”
【小題1】Which of the following DOESN'T belong to the four healthy habits?

A．Eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day．

B．Do proper exercise in the morning every day．

C．Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day．

D．Having a cigarette before going to bed every day．

【小題2】We can learn from the passage that            ．

A．Susan Jebb did not take part in the study．

B．the study observed people as well as tested specific changes．

C．there's no need for people under 45 to adopt these good habits．

D．only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviors．

【小題3】What can be inferred from the passage?

A．All the people are well aware of the harm of their bad habits．

B．People aged 45 to 70 have bad habits in the United Kingdom．

C．Governments should take measures to help people change their bad habits．

D．People have adopted the four healthy habits after knowing they're good．

【小題4】What would be the best title for this passage?

A．Smoking and Drinking Cuts You 14 Years

B．How to Live a Much Healthier Life

C．Healthy Habits May Give Extra 14 Years

D．How to Make Your Life Longer Than Others

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：
【小題1】這是細節理解題。Study participants（參與者）scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．只有選項D不再其中，故選D
【小題2】這是細節理解題。根據because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes故排除B;根據The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from．排除選項D，選項C短文中沒有提及，故排除C 所以選A
【小題3】這是推理判斷題。根據Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．要政府接受新的變化就能推出要人們改變舊的習慣。故選C
【小題4】這是標題歸納題。從短文的首句及文中都可以看出應選C，并且它作為題目還有吸引力。
考點：本文是社會調查類的文章。
點評：本文講述了從美國的45歲至79歲的人群中作的社會調查發現，那些注意飲食、鍛煉、適度飲酒的人比那些不注意的人平均多活14歲，并且提出，讓政府出面來讓人們改變舊的不好習慣。做標題歸納題時注意短文的首句和每一段的首句或尾句。